This paper presents a new technique for nonlinear continuous-time observer design based on the differential state-dependent Riccati equation (SDRE) filter, with guaranteed exponential stability. Although impressive results have rapidly emerged from the use of SDRE designs for observers and filters, the underlying theory is yet scant and there remain many unanswered questions such as stability and convergence. In this paper, Lyapunov stability analysis is used to obtain the required conditions for exponential stability of the estimation error dynamics. Furthermore, through a simulation study of a second order nonlinear model, which satisfies the stability conditions, the promising performance of the proposed observer is demonstrated. Finally, in order to examine the effectiveness of the proposed method, it is applied to highly nonlinear flux and angular velocity estimation problem for induction machines. The simulation results verify how effectively the modification proposed in this paper can increase the region of attraction and the observer error decay rate.

This article, criticize student’s dissertations in REPRESENTATION studies filed. In this research, we reviewed all other majors that are related to our subject. In addition to cultural studies’ dissertations, we examined the dissertations in communication, sociology and anthropology as well.Our main question is that, how this research applies the method of REPRESENTATION and more importantly, how we can apply the method of REPRESENTATION on the student’s research. To what extent we can follow that trace of power (biases) in “critical research” itself. The results demonstrate the REPRESENTATION studies in Iran, practice through the two ways as part of ideological state apparatuses. First, with reinforcing cultural clichés and second, overlooking some subjects that have not priority for the powers. In the first case, the subordinate groups such as women, youths, race minorities that beforehand have become “cultural cliche” by media for a second time are becoming “research cliché” by universities and research centers. Another form that displays how Iranian cultural studies tied up with the power interests is to conceal a series of research topics. Some issues related to ethnic minorities or immigrants underemphasized and other matters totally disregard such as religious or sexual minorities. In conclusion, while cultural studies that was supposed to be the advocate of subordinate groups, in practice more marginalized muted people; and hence as a form of knowledge exercises its power.

Most of the literature about philosophy of science in the last decade is devoted to the scientific REPRESENTATION. In this paper, both non-cognitive and cognitive as the main two approaches to the scientific presenting will be reviewed. In the first part, the scientific REPRESENTATION of the elements involved in it, regardless of the two approaches, are introduced. The second part deals with the REPRESENTATION of the non-cognitive theories, theories that "resemble" the basis of REPRESENTATION are defined. This section is divided into three patterns: the continuation of the concept of similarity (identity component, uniformity, and uniformity in part), which is defined based on the REPRESENTATION process. The third section is devoted to criticism of the cognitive approach. According to these critics, the similarity is neither necessary nor sufficient condition of its REPRESENTATION. Definition of the relationship between cognitive REPRESENTATIONs is provided at the end of this section. Finally, the fourth section we will Gyyry Hybrid Theory, which attempts to accommodate both the similarities and cognitive aspects. We will argue that his definition of REPRESENTATION is circular.

The definition and basis of legal REPRESENTATION in justice should be sought in its previous sciences and in the discussions of "normative legal philosophy". In proxy, proxy and permission from another is important, which is based on the intellectual, moral and social foundations of nations in the history of civilization. In this article, an attempt is made to find the roots of one of the foundations of normative legal philosophy that is related to the field of mysticism, which is trust and mystical REPRESENTATION, and the place of REPRESENTATION in mystical and legal intellectual foundations is taken into consideration and in comparison with legal REPRESENTATION, the role of intellectual, spiritual and moral fields in judicial sciences should be explored and with the library method and by referring to the primary sources of these two disciplines, to clarify the conclusion that REPRESENTATION has a wide meaning, a branch of which is rooted in mysticism and it is also based on trust. From the legal point of view, the ethical condition, respect for the client's interest, trustworthiness and keeping secrets are observed in it.

Emotions are human mental states at a particular instance in time concerning one’s circumstances, mood, and relationships with others. Identifying emotions from the whispered speech is complicated as the conversation might be confidential. The REPRESENTATION of the speech relies on the magnitude of its information. Whispered speech is intelligible, a low-intensity signal, and varies from normal speech. Emotion identification is quite tricky from whispered speech. Both prosodic and spectral speech features help to identify emotions. The emotion identification in a whispered speech happens using prosodic speech features such as zero-crossing rate (ZCR), pitch, and spectral features that include spectral centroid, chroma STFT, Mel scale spectrogram, Mel-frequency cepstral coefficient (MFCC), Shifted Delta Cepstrum (SDC), and Spectral Flux. There are two parts to the proposed implementation. Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) helps to identify the gender from the speech sample in the first step with SDC and pitch. The Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) model helps to identify the emotions in the second step. This implementation is evaluated with the help of wTIMIT data corpus and gives 98. 54% accuracy. Emotions have a dynamic effect on genders, so this implementation performs better than traditional approaches. This approach helps to design online learning management systems, different applications for mobile devices, checking cyber-criminal activities, emotion detection for older people, automatic speaker identification and authentication, forensics, and surveillance

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with inflammatory nature. One of the leading causes of death in SLE patients is cardiovascular (CVS) morbidity. MiRNA-24 is highly expressed in vascular endothelial cells (VECs). This dysregulated expression pattern is associated with dysfunction or even damage of VECs and leads to the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases. YKL-40 is an inflammatory glycoprotein involved in the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction and thereby atherosclerosis. In this work, we aimed at illustrating the possible role of miR-24 and its target YKL-40 in the pathogenesis of the CVS morbidity associated with SLE. Methods: This work was conducted on 40 SLE patients and 40 healthy controls. Quantitative realtime PCR (qPCR) was done to estimate the expression level of miRNA-24 in serum. In addition, we measured the serum level of YKL-40 using ELISA. Results: miR-24-fold change was found to be down-regulated, whereas serum YKL-40 was upregulated among SLE patients with observed significant and negative correlation between the two parameters. Conclusions: Our study provided an insight about the role of miR-24 and its target serum YKL-40 protein in the development of SLE-related inflammation and atherosclerosis.

Dissimilarities among the reality and what is represented in media caused to efforts to explain how-ness and why-ness of what is called media REPRESENTATION of the world. Therefore, media REPRESENTATION has been on board in Cultural and Media Studies. Cultural Study presupposes that what should one focus on in exploring media texts are the underneath ideological and social elements, and their influence on the audience’s views. Hollywood, among other media productions, enjoys a distinguished, unique status in representing the world. The present study reviews “a discourse-within-a-discourse”. In the other words, Iran’s REPRESENTATION would be explored as a part of representing Orient (or Islam) in the western media. Here, Hollywood–as a media-within-mass-media- represents American Media in general. Reviewing movies produced in Hollywood within which Iran is represented, she is represented as the “subaltern other”. Thus, it could be said that Hollywood generally works in the “neo-racist” theoretical framework. In this study, 3 theoretical traditions; namely the Cultural Studies, Post-Colonial Studies, and Film Theory have been applied. The central “REPRESENTATION” concept in the present study is a combined derivation of Michel Foucault and Stewart Hall’s theories. Then, Edward Said’s ideas in Post-Colonial Studies would be explored. And finally, Film Theory would help to apply the concept of REPRESENTATION besides the Post-Colonial Studies in Film Studies.

In this study, the researcher chose three different vocabulary techniques (Visual REPRESENTATION, Textual Enhancement, and Glossing) and compared them with traditional method of teaching vocabulary. 80 advanced EFL Learners were assigned as four intact groups (three experimental and one control group) through using a proficiency test and a vocabulary test as a pre-test. In the visual group, students used flashcards; in the textual enhancement, every synonym and antonym were highlighted and numbered and in the glossing group new vocabularies were numbered and their explanations were provided in the margins or footnotes. Students in the control group learned vocabulary through traditional way by meaning explanation, translation, or providing synonyms and antonyms. All the other three groups had the same procedure as control group but besides these processes they had access to visual, textual, or glossing techniques, too. The results showed that in the posttest, all three experimental groups outperformed the control group. However, the highest improvement in both post-test and delayed post-test was for glossing group. As a whole, we can say improvement in vocabulary learning was respectively for glossing, then visual, and finally textual enhancement. Therefore, it can be concluded that using pictorial, textual cues and glossing enhance their interlanguage system.